Aligarh, a historic city in Uttar Pradesh, is known not only for its glorious past but also for its rich cultural heritage, education, and industries. This city has witnessed several historical events and movements, making it an important part of India's history. Whether it is education, trade, or historical landmarks, Aligarh holds a distinct identity in every aspect.
History of Aligarh
The history of Aligarh dates back thousands of years. In ancient times, it was known as 'Koil' or 'Kol.' It is believed that the region was initially ruled by Jat, Gurjar, and Rajput kings. Later, the Mughals and the British gave strategic importance to this city for administrative and military purposes.
Aligarh got its present name in the 18th century when Mughal commander Najaf Khan built a fort here. The city was named after this fort. In 1803, the British East India Company captured it from the Marathas and brought it under their control. Aligarh also played an active role in the First War of Indian Independence in 1857.
Why is Aligarh Famous?
Aligarh is famous for several reasons, the most notable being:
1. Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)
The biggest identity of Aligarh is associated with Aligarh Muslim University (AMU). It was established in 1875 by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College. Later, in 1920, it was granted university status. This institution is one of India's most prestigious universities, producing renowned leaders, scientists, writers, and scholars.
2. Lock Industry
Aligarh is known as the 'City of Locks' because it is the largest center for lock manufacturing in India. The lock industry of Aligarh has been famous since the 19th century, and locks made here are supplied across the country and exported worldwide.
3. Brass and Hardware Industry**
The brass industry of Aligarh is also quite old. Artisans here create brass items such as sculptures, door grills, and decorative pieces. Besides, the hardware industry is booming, producing essential materials for doors, windows, and furniture.
4. Aligarh Fort**
The Aligarh Fort is a major historical monument of the city. Built by the Mughals, it played a crucial role in several battles. Many historical events and stories are associated with this fort, making it an important heritage site.
5. Jalebi and Other Traditional Sweets**
Aligarh is famous for its delicious jalebi, which is crispy and syrupy. Apart from this, samosas and other street food items of Aligarh are also quite popular.
What is Manufactured in Aligarh?
Aligarh is known for its various industries. The major industries include:
1. Lock and Hardware Manufacturing**
As mentioned earlier, Aligarh is a major hub for lock and hardware manufacturing. The locks made here are supplied across India and exported to various countries.
2. Brass and Bronze Sculptures**
Brass and bronze sculptures, religious symbols, and decorative items are crafted in Aligarh. These are also exported internationally.
3. Arms and Ammunition**
Aligarh has a legal arms and ammunition industry where small arms and bullets are manufactured under government supervision.
4. Education and Publication**
Since Aligarh is a major educational hub, it has several publishing houses that produce books and research papers.
5. Agriculture and Dairy Industry**
Aligarh has a thriving agricultural sector. Crops like sugarcane, potatoes, and wheat are grown in abundance. The dairy industry is also expanding rapidly.
Culture and Specialties of Aligarh
Aligarh represents a blend of North Indian culture. People from different communities, including Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, and others, live here in harmony. The primary languages spoken here are Hindi and Urdu, with English being widely used in educational institutions.
1. Festivals and Celebrations
All major festivals are celebrated in Aligarh with great enthusiasm. Holi, Diwali, Eid, Muharram, and Ganesh Chaturthi are the most prominent ones. AMU also celebrates 'Sir Syed Day' with grand events.
2. Food and Cuisine
Aligarh's cuisine is influenced by Mughlai and North Indian flavors. The city's biryani, kebabs, nihari, and galouti kebabs are well-known. Additionally, its jalebi and rabri are loved by many.
3. Educational Environment
Due to AMU, Aligarh has a strong educational atmosphere. The city has several reputed schools and colleges that attract students from across India.
4. Tourist Attractions
Aligarh has many tourist attractions, including Aligarh Fort, Sir Syed House, Shahi Jama Masjid in Jamalpur, and Nau Nihal Singh's Cantonment.
Conclusion
Aligarh is a city that stands out for its historical heritage, industrial identity, and educational institutions. It is recognized not only in India but globally for its lock industry and Aligarh Muslim University. The city's culture, cuisine, and marketplaces also make it special.
If you are interested in history, education, and trade, Aligarh is a great place to explore. The unique identity of this city makes it one of the most remarkable cities in Uttar Pradesh.
Aligarh: History, Why It’s Famous, Industries & Complete Information
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